I thought this accident really shows that no matter how experienced you are as a pilot you are still vulnerable to the same hazardous attitudes that you learn about while getting your private pilot. The captain of this G III had over 9000 hours of total time and over 1500 hours of time in the G III and the first officer was very experienced as well. Even though the flight crew was very experienced, they still felt the pressure of arriving on time to please the customer and were not able to identify and end the error chain that occurred during the flight which ultimately resulted in this accident.
The factors that contributed to this accident include pressure from the customer to get to the destination that night, even if it was illegal to do so, bad weather at the destination, pressure from a customer watching the approach from the jump-seat, the controllers lack of knowledge of an important NOTAM, as well as the nature and difficulty of the approach into Aspen.
The error chain that eventually led to the outcome of this flight started while the airplane was still on the ground and the passengers were not on board the airplane. The first error occurred when the flight crew advised the "boss" of the potential of diverting to Rifle because of the noise abatement procedure. The company should have stepped in at this point to explain to the "boss" of the legal and safety reasons that they would not be landing at Aspen after dark and the captain should have established his authority making the decision to not land at Aspen after the curfew because of the regulation as well as the NOTAM. The second error in the chain was at the beginning of the approach when the flight crew allowed a passenger to observe the approach even though they knew the weather was not good and other jet aircraft had been going missed. Having the passenger observing could have effected a decision to aboart the approach because they might have had a macho attitude and wanted to avoid dissatisfaction of the passengers. The third error is when ATC cleared the airplane for the approach even though it should never have been authorized because of the NOTAM. The next event was deciding to shoot the approach visual even though previous planes had gone missed. The fifth event was the inability of both pilots to agree if they were able to see the runway but still continuing on the approach. After that last events include ignoring the altitude/sink-rate alerts and configuring the aircraft in an incorrect way that could have been the result in the 2000+ sink rate at the end of the approach.
During the course of the flight there were several things that the pilots should have done differently. The first thing I think they should have done differently is with dealing with the irate passenger before the flight took off. The pilots should have had the company talk to the passenger to explain the reasoning that they had the potential of diverting and tell him that they would not be landing in Aspen after dark. During the approach phase the flight crew should not have allowed a passenger to observe the approach because of the high workload due to the difficulty of the approach and the weather involved. The pilots should have shot the approach and not continued visually because they became spatially disoriented during the approach. The pilots should have discontinued the approach when they could not agree that they had the runway in sight. The final thing they should have done differently is to keep the aircraft in an approved configuration and not engage the spoilers which caused the excessive sink rate.
If my job was on the line I would call the company and request that they resolve the issue with the unruly passenger. If for some reason this did not work or was not an option I would determine conditions before the flight with my first officer stating specifically when we would discontinue or not even attempt the approach and divert to Rifle so we would not have to make that decision while en route or in the approach environment. A company would not fire you for not being willing to break a law.
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